Engineering requires an academic degree in science, and engineers use acquired scientific knowledge to solve practical and technological problems in the process of design and development.
Engineering takes into consideration the specifications, functions, and design of products, as well as the testing and evaluation of all components of product effectiveness. Engineering is responsible for finding solutions to technical problems for commercial application using principles of mathematics and science, while also considering cost, dependability, and safety issues throughout the entire process of design and development. Other responsibilities of engineers may be the testing, production, and maintenance of products. Computers are used extensively in engineering to produce and analyze designs; to simulate and test mechanical function, structure, operation; to generate specifications for components; and to monitor quality and control.
Civil engineering applies skills to road, bridge, and dam design and construction; nuclear engineering specializes in the design and construction of nuclear reactors and power plants. Engineering is also applied in factories in the designing and development of products. The field of nanotechnology engineering involves the creation of high-performance materials and components by integrating atomic and molecular elements, introducing entirely new ideology to the design process. Engineering takes on the responsibility of maintaining quality, estimating time and cost, and the completion of projects.
Some fields of engineering allow the move into management or sales, in which case, the engineering background enables detailed discussion of technical aspects and aids in product planning, installation, and use. Engineering managers may be responsible for the major components of products or for entire projects.
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